PROTON'S LATEST PROJECT: TURBO ENGINE DERIVES FROM REGULAR CAMPRO'S

By Muhammad Huzairy


I've recently browsing this very interesting car review website and was reading an interesting new project by our national car maker PROTON. this latest engine is to turbocharge the existing regular campro engine to produce an output similar to 2.0 liter engine power capacity. (the regular campro is 1.6 liter). turbocharged engine, a 150 horse power figure would probably be accompanied by 220Nm to 240Nm (2.0 liter engine normally aspirated around 140 to 150 horsepower.)

now..whats interesting is that a group of 70 engineers from proton were sent to lotus engineering in the uk. this is a good afford since lotus is one of the best carmaker around and fully own by proton, but even lotus cars used engine from toyota hehehehehe... i'm guessing both of them are learning something new...



the engine is due 2011..

more information go to www.paultan.org or http://paultan.org/topics/cars/malaysian-makes/proton/

p/s: the newscaster mention the output horsepower is 1600... is she crazy or what

Kuala Lumpur Tower ( KL Tower )

The Chronology of Menara Kuala Lumpur Construction

1st Phase, 4th October 1991- Widening of Jalan Punchak and excavations of soil from construction site.- Finished: 15th August 1992

2nd Phase,6th July 1992- Construction of the foundation and basement of tower- 50,000 cubic metres of concrete were endless poured for 31 hours hence setting a record in the Malaysian construction industry.- Finished: 15th April 1993 (without pilling).

3rd Phase/ 'superstructure', began in May 1994- The dreary construction of the tower starts with erection of the tower shaft, then the tower head.- As the ultimate touches to the tower head were being done, the construction of the tourist building began.- Introduce Islamic motif to reflect Malaysia's Islamic Heritage, and blended eastern design with western architectural technology- Main Lobby – decorated with lovely glass-clad domes that glint like huge diamond.- These domes were designed and arranged in the form of the 'Muqarnas' by Iranian craftsmen from Esfahan

Final Touch, 13th September 1994- Topping up Ceremony where the Antenna Mast was installed by YAB Dato' Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad- Marking the final height of tower, 421 above ground level.- Installation of the facilities and amenities executed to ensure comfort and safety.Perfecting Tower- Opened to public on 23rd July 1996.- Officially launched by the Malaysian Prime Minister at the time, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad of Malaysia on 1st October 1996.

Architecture


Construction Period :1992 - 1995
Designed / Architect : Kumpulan Senireka Sdn. Bhd
Constructed : Wayss & Freytag
Technical Assessor : Ove Arup & Partner International London/Jururunding Kuala Lumpur
Total Height of Tower: 421 metres
Upper Observatory Level : 25 km
Inaugural Date : 1 October 1996
Gross Ground Floor Area of Building : 80,417.5 square metres
Total Length of Antenna : 86 metres
Outer Diameter of Shaft Wall : 2.4m to 13.6m
Thickness of Shaft : 1.4m to 0.6m
Foundation & Basement : 17m deep
Maximum Foundation Diameter : 54m
Head : 6 stories & 7,700m square floor area
Concrete : 45,000 tones
Reinforcement : 5,300 tones
Structural Steel : 1,300 tones
Total Weight of Tower : 100,000 tones
Total height of above sea level : 515 m
Total height of above ground level : 412m

Telecomunication

Menara Kuala Lumpur, recognised today as the telecommunication tower for Malaysia, is equipped with new technology to meet the requirements of increasing telecommunications demands in the country. Menara Kuala Lumpur was designed and constructed to replace the stell tower (original serving Kuala Lumpur and the telecommunication networks of Malaysia) which was of insufficient height for the country's rapid development and communication network needs

The top four floors of Menara Kuala Lumpur's tower head has been set aside for telecommunication and technological purposes. Telekom Malaysia's microwave station is on the third floor of the Tower Head (TH03), while the fourth floor (TH04) has been set aside for Telekom's future expansion. Radio Television Malaysia's (RTM) radio and TV broadcast stations are situated on the top level of the Tower Head (TH06).

Constructed at a central point at the top of Bukit Nanas, Menara Kuala Lumpur has major advantages over other telecommunications buildings. The Tower main tasks include educating and informing the public through television and FM-radio broadcasting, providing a wider reception field for programmes throughout the Klang Valley area. Due to space availability in the Tower and the short distance between transmitter and antenna, future expansion of the TV and FM-radio transmissions (the adding of new programmes) will be a simple process. Due to the great height of the Tower (421 metres), there will be services such as mobile telephones (cellular radio), paging systems and radio services for the police, ambulance and armed forces, the fire brigade, the city administration, public services, public transportation, taxi associations and other emerging network communication users. The Tower will also cover services linked to the Marine Department,the Meteorological Department and the Traffic Control Department.

Safety and Security

Menara Kuala Lumpur was constructed and is currently operated utilizing comprehensive state-of-the-art safety and security based on global standards and practices.The surrounding area is fenced with a combination of chain link and brick wall fencing. There are 38 security personnel managed patrolling the area 24/7, safeguarding the Tower and its surrounding area from unauthorized access, theft, breach of security rules and criminal actions.The area is also closely monitored by state-of-the-art Perimeter Intruder Detection System (PIDS) and supported by 80 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) installed at various strategic locations.

souce : www.kltower.com

SMART Tunnel

What is SMART?

SMART is an acronym for Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel, a project under the Federal Government initiated to alleviate the flooding problem in the city centre of Kuala Lumpur. The project is implemented through a joint venture pact between MMC Corp Berhad and Gamuda Berhad with the Department of Irrigation And Drainage Malaysia and the Malaysian Highway Authority as the executing government agencies.

Studies had indicated that the critical stretch of Sungai Klang between Sg Klang /Sg Ampang confluence and Sg Gombak/ Sg Klang confluence to be flood prone areas and the fact that the river is further constrained by the Jalan Tun Perak Bridge (near Masjid Jamek) which is low, has resulted in the surrounding areas to experience flash floods.

The SMART system will be able to divert large volumes of flood water from entering this critical stretch via a holding pond, bypass tunnel and storage reservoir. This will reduce the flood water level at the Jalan Tun Perak Bridge, preventing spillover.

Other benefits of SMART

The Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART) project was incepted by the project proponent, namely MMC Corp Berhad-Gamuda Berhad Joint Venture, primarily to mitigate the recurring floods in the city of Kuala Lumpur, the financial, business and commercial hub of Malaysia. However, at the design stage of SMART, the dual purpose concept was born from the ingenuity of the project proponents and the motorway tunnel was integrated into the system to relieve traffic congestion at the main Southern Gateway to the city centre.

The Motorway to Ease Congestion

The motorway tunnel will provide an alternative route for motorists from the Southern Gateway, i.e. KL-Seremban Highway, Federal Highway, Besraya and East-West Link entering and exiting the city centre. This will reduce traffic congestion at the Southern Gateway leading to the city centre. The travel time will be reduced significantly. For example from the Jalan Istana Interchange-Kampung Pandan the expected travel time is a mere four minutes compared to ten to fifteen minutes using the existing roads.

Unique Features

Since safety of vehicles in the motorway will be of paramount importance, SMART Tunnel has additional features that are unique over and above the features seen in a normal motorway tunnel. The main features are:
1. Automated Flood Control Gates
2. Cross Passage
3. Ventilation/Escape Shafts
4. Radio Re-Broadcasting Services
5. Air Quality Monitoring Equipment (AQME)
6. SCADA Monitoring & Surveillance
7. Other Emergency Equipments

1. Automated Flood Control Gates

The water tight gates are installed on either ends of the motorway tunnel (within the stormwater section). In addition similar single flood control steel gates are installed at both entrances and exits of the motorway tunnel. These gates are operated using a hydraulic system.
• 3 automated flood gates at both end of motorway
• 2 automated road gates at both end junction boxes

2. Cross Passage

Cross Passage between decks at 250m intervals: the passage acts as emergency exits during an emergency.

3. Ventilation/Escape Shafts

Ventilation/ escape shafts at 1km intervals. These powerful air ventilators will constantly renew the air and maintain the air quality within the motorway. To protect the ventilation system during the flooding, the system consists of a series of shafts each containing an exhaust and fresh air injector. This design enables the fans to be installed outside the SMART tunnel to create a longitudinal flow in the tunnel between the shafts that permits the air in the tunnel to be continuously renewed and the extraction of the exhaust fumes. The feature also allows for smoke control in the event of a fire.

4. Radio Re-Broadcasting Services

Radio re-broadcasting is an audio (sound) broadcasting service, traditionally broadcast through the air as radio waves (a form of electromagnetic radiation) from a transmitter to an antenna and finally to a receiving device. Stations can link in radio networks to broadcast common programming, either in syndication or simulcast or both. Audio broadcasting also can be done via cable FM, local wire networks, satellite and the Internet. With the radio re-broadcasting services available in Smart Tunnel, user should be able to receive the radio channel, hand phone and other maintenance communication reception without any interference.

5. Air Quality Monitoring Equipment (AQME)

There are 38 sets of AQME monitoring carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO) and particulate. They are cited in the upper and lower decks. The ventilation system will be operated automatically based on the air quality monitoring system outputs. The ventilation will provide for the supply and extract of air for both the upper and lower road decks and consists of 4 nos. of ventilation shafts each containing 8 set of fans.

6. SCADA Monitoring & Surveillance

State-of-the-art SCADA monitoring and surveillance of SMART at its 24-hour SMART Highway. Smart Tunnel is equipped with more than 212 units of Closed Circuit Television and BARCO Wall is able to show 70 CCTVs screen at one time. Automatic detection systems use video images and laser beams processing to detect unusual events.

7. Other Emergency Equipments

Equipped with firefighting equipment, telephone and surveillance at 1 km interval. Hydrant & Fire Extinguishers located every 90m along slow lane of both tunnel road decks. Hose Reel, Fire Extinguishers, Break glass and Emergency Telephone located within each cross passages, ventilation shafts and escape shafts.


Source from http://www.smarttunnel.com.my/

KLCC Petronas Twin Tower

Height: 1,483 ft (452 meters)
Owners: Kuala Lumpur City Centre Holdings Sendirian Berhad
Architects: Cesar Pelli & Associates
Engineers: Thornton-Tomasetti Engineers
Contractors: Mayjus and SKJ Joint Ventures
Topping Out: 1998
Official Opening: August 28, 1999 

On April 15, 1996, the Council on Tall Buildings named the Petronas Towers the tallest in the world, passing the torch to a new continent. Although the project's developers, a consortium of private investors in association with the Malaysian government and Petronas, the national oil company, had not originally set out to surpass Chicago's Sears Tower, they did aspire to construct a monument announcing Kuala Lumpur's prominence as a commercial and cultural capital. In the design of American architect Cesar Pelli they found a winning scheme--twin towers of elegant proportions with a slenderness ratio (height to width) of 9.4--that would capture not only the title but the public imagination. 

Pelli's design answered the developer's call to express the 'culture and heritage of Malaysia' by evoking Islamic arabesques and employing repetitive geometries characteristic of Muslim architecture. In plan, an 8-point star formed by intersecting squares is an obvious reference to Islamic design; curved and pointed bays create a scalloped facade that suggests temple towers. The identical towers are linked by a bridge at the 41st floor, creating a dramatic gateway to the city.
The structure is high-strength concrete, a material familiar to Asian contractors and twice as effective as steel in sway reduction. Supported by 75-by-75-foot concrete cores and an outer ring of widely-spaced super columns, the towers showcase a sophisticated structural system that accommodates its slender profile and provides from 14,000 to 22,000 square feet of column-free office space per floo
Other features include a curtain wall of glass and stainless steel sun shades to diffuse the intense equatorial light; a double-decker elevator system with a sky lobby transfer point on the 41st floor to accommodate the thousands of people who use the complex daily; and a mixed-use base featuring a concert hall and shopping center enveloped by nearly seventy acres of public parks and plazas.
In both engineering and design, the Petronas Towers succeed at acknowledging Malaysia's past and future, embracing the country's heritage while proclaiming its modernization. The end result, says Pelli, is a monument that is not specifically Malaysian, but will forever be identified with Kuala Lumpur.

Number of storeys:	88
Height:	452 metres above street level
Total built-up area:	341,760 sq.metres ( 3.7 million sq. feet)
Foundation:	4.5 metres [15 feet] thick raft containing 13,200 cubic metres of grade 60 reinforced concrete, weighing approximately 32,550 tonnes under each tower, supported by 104 barette piles varying from 60 to 115 metres in length The floor-plate of the Tower was designed based on geometric patterns common in architecture of Islamic heritage.
Stainless steel cladding:	65,000 sq. metres
Cladding comprised:	33,000 panels
Vision glass:	77,000 sq. metres
No of windows:	32,000 windows
Concrete various strengths up to grade 80:	160,000 cubic metres in the super structures
Steel:	36,910 tonnes of beams, trusses and reinforcement
Project cost:	RM1.8 billion
Man at work:	7,000 on the site at the peak of construction and until 1997 there were 1,000 on each tower.
Design/Architecture:	Cesar Pelli & Associates in association with KLCC Architects.
Construction time:	five years.
Tower 1 constructed by:	The Mayjaus Joint-Venture led by Japan's Hazama Corporation, consisted of JA Jones Construction Co, MMC Engineering Services Sdn Bhd, Ho Hup Construction Co Bhd and Mitsubishi Corporation
Tower 2 constructed by:	SKJ Joint Venture led by Samsung Engineering & Construction Co and comprised Kuk Dong Engineering & Construction Co Ltd and Syarikat Jasatera Sdn Bhd.
Tower 1 occupied by:	PETRONAS (PETROLIAM NASIONAL BERHAD)
Tower 2 occupied by:	PETRONAS' associate companies and the remaining space leased out to multinationals